The dynamics of Nipah virus (NiV) transmission and analysis

Volume 31, Issue 4, pp 367--391 http://dx.doi.org/10.22436/jmcs.031.04.03

Publication Date: May 19, 2023 Submission Date: January 21, 2023 Revision Date: February 28, 2023 Accteptance Date: April 22, 2023

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Authors

A. L. Ozioko - Department of mathematics, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria. R. O. Aja - Department of Mathematics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria. S. I. S. Abang - National Centre for Technology management, An Agency of Federal Ministry of Science and Technology PRODA Training Institute, Enugu State, Nigeria. W. Atokolo - Departmet of Mathematics, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria. Q. O. Ahman - Department of Mathematical Sciences, Confluence State University, Kogi State, Nigeria. G. C. E. Mbah - Department of Mathematics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.

Abstract

We propose a model for NiV infection mechanisms from pigs to humans and humans to humans, with a focus on the impact of a combination vaccine, and condom as a control measure. In a biologically realistic setting, we derived the basic characteristics of our suggested model, such as boundedness and positivity. We determined the basic reproduction number to investigate both the local and global behavior of the model's various equilibria. When the reproductive number is less than one, the disease-free state of Nipah virus is locally asymptotically stable, but unstable when it is higher than one. We established that the endemic equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable near unity using central manifold theory. Nipah virus free equilibrium is stable on the global stability scale, and endemic equilibrium is asymptotically stable. We determine that vaccination and condom are effective ways for reducing Nipah virus spread. In addition, Nipah virus carriers (asymptomatic) are identified as the most infectious individuals who should be targeted by the model. Finally, numerical simulations are used to verify the efficacy of the provided findings.

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Keywords

• Nipah virus
• vaccination
• condom
• isolation
• asymptomatic

MSC

•  00A71
•  92B05
•  68U20

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